[Characteristics of retinal and scleral infiltration in uveal melanoma]

Objective: To analyze features of retinal and scleral infiltration of uveal melanoma. Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. The pathological and clinical data of 102 cases of uveal melanoma were analyzed retrospectively, which were collected between Jun. 2001 and Apr. 2013 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. The tumor shape, size, cell types, retinal and scleral invasion were recorded and analyzed. The relationship between retinal invasion and scleral invasion was analyzed by trend Chi-square test. Results: There were 44 male patients and 58 female patients with an average age of 45.6±12.4 (range from 15 to 78 years old) in 102 cases. As for tumor size, there were 68 (66.7%) large size tumors, 27 (26.5%) medium size tumors and 7(6.8%) small size tumors; As for cell types, 76 (74.5%) were spindle cell, 6 (5.9%) were epithelioid cell, 16 (15.7%) were mixed cell, and 4 (4.0%) were others; As for tumor location, there were 3 (2.94%) ciliary body melanoma, 28 (27.5%) ciliary body and anterior choroid melanoma, and 71 (69.6%) choroid melanoma. Eighty-six cases (84.3%) showed retinal invasion, in which there were 20 cases of outer nuclear layer invasion (19.6%), 12 cases of inner nuclear layer invasion (11.8%), 30 cases of ganglion cell layer invasion (29.4%), and 24 cases of inner limiting membrane invasion (23.5%). Fifty-five cases (53.9%) showed scleral invasions, in which there were 11 cases (68.8%) of no retinal invasion, 13 cases of outer nuclear layer invasion (65.0%), 5 cases of inner nuclear layer invasion (41.7%), 15 cases of ganglion cell layer invasion (50.0%) and 11 cases of inner limiting membrane invasion (45.8%). In 76 spindle cell cases, the scleral invasion rate of different retinal invasion degree were 72.7% in 8 cases of none retinal invasion, 71.4% in 10 cases of outer nuclear layer invasion, 62.5% in 5 cases of inner nuclear layer invasion, 53.9% in 14 cases of ganglion cell layer invasion and 47.1% in 8 cases of inner limiting membrane invasion. No significant relationship was found between retinal and scleral invasion (γ=-0.21, P=0.127) . Conclusion: With the increase of scleral invasion, the retinal invasion decreased. However, the correlation show no statistical significance.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2016, 52: 749-754).