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Nonlinear SPICE models for physiologic systems.

L J Goldstein1, E B Rypins

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange 92668.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces six novel nonlinear SPICE elements for simplified modeling of biological systems. These elements enable accurate simulation of nonlinear physiologic processes, overcoming limitations of linear approximations.

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Biological systems are inherently nonlinear, yet linear approximations are often used in modeling to simplify calculations.
  • SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) is widely used for linear network models of physiological processes.
  • The full potential of SPICE for nonlinear biological modeling remains largely untapped.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present novel nonlinear SPICE elements for enhanced modeling of biological systems.
  • To provide accessible subcircuit models for common nonlinear physiological processes.
  • To expand the utility of SPICE beyond linear approximations in biological research.

Main Methods:

  • Development of six nonlinear SPICE elements, including controlled nonlinear resistors, capacitors, and inductors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Implementation of these elements as subcircuits for easy integration into existing SPICE models.
  • Inclusion of functional elements such as adders, multipliers, powers, inverse, and derivative operators.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully created six versatile nonlinear SPICE elements.
    • Demonstrated the capability to model a wide range of nonlinear physiological processes.
    • Provided a library of functional elements to enhance simulation complexity and accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed nonlinear SPICE elements significantly simplify the modeling of complex biological systems.
    • These tools empower researchers to move beyond linear approximations, leading to more accurate physiologic and pathophysiologic simulations.
    • The subcircuit approach ensures broad applicability and ease of use within the SPICE environment.