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Updated: Mar 13, 2026

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
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A case of atypical type A thymoma variant.

Masaki Hashimoto1, Shigeki Shimizu2, Teruhisa Takuwa3

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, division of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan. kogekogemasaki@gmail.com.

Surgical Case Reports
|October 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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Diagnosing atypical type A thymoma variant preoperatively is challenging. This rare thymoma requires careful postsurgical monitoring due to diagnostic difficulties and its classification update in 2015.

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic oncology
  • Pathology
  • Surgical oncology

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced an atypical type A thymoma variant in 2015.
  • Type A thymomas are a subtype of thymic epithelial tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of atypical type A thymoma variant.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and management considerations for this rare tumor.

Main Methods:

  • A 72-year-old female presented with an anterior mediastinal mass.
  • Diagnostic imaging was followed by surgical resection via median sternotomy.
  • Pathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Radiological examination suggested non-invasive thymoma.
Keywords:
AtypiaMedian sternotomyThymoma

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  • Pathology revealed spindle- and oval-shaped cells with atypia, consistent with type A thymoma.
  • The final diagnosis was atypical type A thymoma variant.

    • Conclusions:

    • Preoperative radiological diagnosis of atypical type A thymoma variant is difficult.
    • Postoperative systemic follow-up is crucial for patients diagnosed with atypical type A thymoma variant.