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Gram-Negative Pneumonia Alters Large-Vein Cell-Adhesion Molecule Profile and Potentiates Experimental Stasis Venous

Andrea T Obi1, Elizabeth Andraska, Yogendra Kanthi

  • 1Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich., USA.

Journal of Vascular Research
|October 25, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Pneumonia, unlike lung contusion, elevates cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) and increases venous thrombosis (VT) risk. This suggests CAMs are a potential target for preventing VT associated with infection.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumonia is a significant risk factor for venous thrombosis (VT).
  • Cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of both pneumonia and VT.
  • Remote infections may create a prothrombotic state through systemic CAM elevation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the development of venous thrombosis (VT) following pneumonia.
  • To determine if lung contusion or bacterial pneumonia induces systemic CAM elevation and prothrombotic changes.

Main Methods:

  • Induced lung injury in mice via lung contusion or Klebsiella pneumoniae inoculation.
  • Assessed circulating CAMs (P-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) and thrombin-antithrombin complexes.
  • Induced VT via inferior vena cava ligation in infected and control mice.

Main Results:

  • K. pneumoniae infection, not lung contusion, significantly increased circulating CAMs and thrombin-antithrombin complexes.
  • Pneumonia led to 3x larger VT formation compared to controls.
  • Increased vein-wall and systemic CAMs were observed in pneumonia-induced VT, with erythrocyte-rich thrombi.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated CAM expression is linked to pneumonia-induced VT, but not solely lung contusion.
  • The type of inflammatory stimulus and presence of infection drive the vein-wall response.
  • CAM elevation presents a potential therapeutic target for preventing infection-associated VT.

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