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Exploring Sexual Dimorphism and Genetic Variability in Cutaneous Microhemodynamics in BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and KM Mice
Yingyu Wang1,2, Xiang Xu1,2, Weiqi Liu1,2
1Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Journal of Vascular Research
|June 25, 2026
Summary
This study reveals significant sex- and strain-specific differences in mouse cutaneous microvascular function, influenced by genetic and hormonal factors. These findings highlight the complex interplay affecting skin blood flow and systemic hemodynamics.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Microcirculation Research
- Genetics and Endocrinology
Background:
- The skin's microcirculation is vital for thermoregulation, nutrient exchange, and reflects systemic disease.
- Understanding its complex functions is crucial for broader physiological insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sex- and strain-specific differences in cutaneous microvascular function.
- To explore relationships between microvascular function, systemic hemodynamics, skin physiology, and sex hormone metabolites.
- To analyze these factors in BALB/c, C57BL/6J, and KM mouse strains.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of sex- and strain-specific cutaneous microhemodynamics.
- Multidimensional approach including body mass, glycemic levels, and cardiovascular profiles.
- Histological and immunohistochemical analyses, including estrogen receptor expression.
Main Results:
- Higher estrogen receptor expression in male cutaneous microcirculation for BALB/c and C57BL/6J strains.
- Significant sex- and strain-specific differences in microvascular blood perfusion, RBC concentration, and blood flow velocity.
- Correlations found between systemic hemodynamics (heart rate, blood pressure) and cutaneous microcirculatory function.
Conclusions:
- Cutaneous microhemodynamics exhibit complexity influenced by genetic background and sex.
- Interplay between genetic lineage and sex-based differences is critical for microvascular function.
- Findings underscore the intricate regulation of skin blood flow.
