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Related Experiment Video

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PEG-based autonomous capillary system with integrated microbead array for immunoassay.

Qingdi Zhu1, Dieter Trau2

  • 1BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, 1 CREATE Way, Enterprise Wing, 138602, Singapore.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|October 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

We developed a novel, easy-to-fabricate capillary system (CS) for rapid, autonomous bioassays. This low-cost system enables point-of-care diagnostics for tumor markers like PSA and hCG in serum samples.

Keywords:
Capillary systemImmunoassayMicrobead arrayPEG based materialPoint-of-care testTumor markers

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Surface-tension-driven capillary systems (CSs) offer self-powered fluidic control for bioassays, ideal for point-of-care (POC) applications.
  • Conventional CS fabrication relies on silicon or polymer microfabrication, requiring cleanroom facilities and complex processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective and easily fabricated capillary system (CS) using a one-step photopolymerization process.
  • To demonstrate the autonomous flow of various biological fluids and tune flow rates within the fabricated CS.
  • To integrate the CS with microbead arrays for rapid, multiplexed immunoassay of protein tumor markers for POC diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based CS via a single-step photopolymerization technique, eliminating cleanroom requirements.
  • Characterization of autonomous fluid flow (water, buffer, serum) and flow rate modulation using different surfactant concentrations.
  • Integration of antibody-coated microbead arrays for simultaneous detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in serum.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of a PEG-based CS without cleanroom processing.
  • Demonstrated autonomous fluid transport and tunable flow rates within the CS.
  • Achieved autonomous, multiplexed immunoassay of PSA and hCG in serum with sub-nanogram/mL detection limits in under 10 minutes.
  • Simultaneous detection of both tumor markers using spatially encoded microbeads.

Conclusions:

  • The developed low-cost, easily fabricated CS enables fast, autonomous, and multiplexed immunoassays for protein biomarkers.
  • This technology holds significant potential for point-of-care diagnostics using real clinical samples.
  • The system overcomes limitations of traditional microfabrication, paving the way for accessible diagnostic tools.