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Cochlear toxicity of streptomycin in man
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, J.N. Medical College, A.M.U., Aligarh.
Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|April 1, 1989
Summary
Streptomycin, an antitubercular drug, can cause hearing loss, especially in older patients. Regular audiometric examinations are recommended for individuals undergoing long-term streptomycin therapy to monitor auditory health.
Area of Science:
- Ototoxicology
- Pharmacology
- Tuberculosis Treatment
Background:
- Streptomycin is a key antitubercular drug.
- Ototoxicity is a known side effect of streptomycin.
- Age-related susceptibility to streptomycin's side effects requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the audiological status of tuberculosis patients treated with streptomycin.
- To determine the relationship between streptomycin dosage, duration, and hearing loss.
- To assess the impact of age on streptomycin-induced hearing impairment.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-five tuberculosis patients received streptomycin with other antitubercular drugs.
- Patients were categorized into three age groups: <15, 15-45, and >45 years.
- Audiological status was monitored throughout the treatment period.
Main Results:
- Hearing loss was detected in 4/10 patients (<15 yr), 2/9 patients (15-45 yr), and 6/11 patients (>45 yr).
- Cochlear toxicity was not dose or duration-dependent.
- Hearing recovery occurred in 2 patients (<15 yr) and 1 patient (15-45 yr); none in the >45 yr group recovered.
Conclusions:
- Older patients (>45 yr) are at higher risk of developing irreversible hearing loss from streptomycin.
- Periodic audiometric screening is crucial for patients on long-term streptomycin therapy.
- Early detection of hearing loss can inform treatment adjustments and management strategies.