You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
Published on: October 25, 2018
Tae Soup Shim1,2,3,4, Zaki G Estephan1,2, Zhaoxia Qian2
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Researchers developed shape-changing films powered by DNA strand exchange reactions. These DNA-grafted gold nanoparticle films offer new possibilities for dynamic, chemically controlled microrobotic applications.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: