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Using evolution to generate sustainable malaria control with spatial repellents.

Penelope Anne Lynch1, Mike Boots1,2

  • 1Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, United Kingdom.

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|October 25, 2016
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Summary

This study proposes using evolution to enhance spatial repellents for controlling disease vectors. By combining insecticides with repellents, we can create sustainable tools that overcome insecticide resistance.

Keywords:
AnophelesIRSbednetsepidemiologyevolutionary biologygenomicsglobal healthinsecticide resistancemodelingnonevector evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Vector-borne disease control
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Insecticide resistance management

Background:

  • Insecticide resistance is a major challenge for vector control programs.
  • There is a need for sustainable strategies to manage disease vectors like mosquitoes.
  • Spatial repellents can help prevent vectors from entering homes, but their efficacy can be limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel strategy that exploits evolution to create sustainable vector control tools.
  • To develop spatial repellents that overcome insecticide resistance.
  • To investigate the theoretical achievability and effectiveness of evolved spatial repellents.

Main Methods:

  • Combining a high-toxicity insecticide with a candidate repellent.
  • Simulating vector population genetics and disease transmission dynamics.
  • Modeling the evolutionary dynamics of insecticide resistance and repellent efficacy.

Main Results:

  • The proposed strategy generates evolved spatial repellents with increased efficacy.
  • The 'double-dip' system combines mortality and repellence for sustainable control.
  • Modeling confirms the theoretical achievability, effectiveness, and sustainability of evolved spatial repellents.

Conclusions:

  • Evolved spatial repellents offer an evolutionarily sustainable approach to disease vector control.
  • This strategy addresses the challenge of insecticide resistance.
  • The combined approach of mortality and repellence provides a robust control method.