Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

6.1K
Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
6.1K
Chemotaxis in E. coli01:27

Chemotaxis in E. coli

1.2K
Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...
1.2K
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

61
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
61
Transduction01:16

Transduction

2.3K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
2.3K
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

18.8K
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
18.8K
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

1.4K
Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An IL-17-DUOX2 axis controls gastrointestinal colonization by Candida albicans.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Luminal LPS is transported across murine small intestine by a caveolin-1 dependent endocytic mechanism induced by chronic feeding of a Western-style diet.

Gut microbes·2025
Same author

Lipopolysaccharide transport during long-chain fatty acid exposure is mediated by caveolin-1 dependent endocytosis in murine jejunum.

Tissue barriers·2025
Same author

Alteration of the microbiota with vancomycin and high-fiber diet affects short-chain fatty acid/free fatty acid receptor signaling in rat caecum.

The Journal of nutritional biochemistry·2025
Same author

Restraint stress exacerbates indomethacin-induced gastric antral ulcers by gastroparesis via activation of corticotropin-releasing factor 2 receptors in refed mice.

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics·2025
Same author

Sometimes Small Is Beautiful: Discovery of the Janus Kinases (JAK) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) Pathways and the Initial Development of JAK Inhibitors for IBD Treatment.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2025
Same journal

Exploring potential strategies to enhance memory and cognition in aging mice.

F1000Research·2026
Same journal

Construction an Implicit Block Multi-Steps Approach for Solving Sixth-Order Fractional Differential Equations.

F1000Research·2026
Same journal

Kansei Engineering in the Evolving Service Sector: A Decade of Insights.

F1000Research·2026
Same journal

A Safety-First Mindset:  Role of Patient Safety Culture in Enhancing Healthcare Workers' Emotional Intelligence.

F1000Research·2026
Same journal

Decoding Decisions: Personality-Interest Motivational Sequences as Predictors of Career Paths.

F1000Research·2026
Same journal

Beyond the Transparent Barrier: A Domain Visualization and Integrative Review of Contemporary Research on Gender-Based Professional Stasis.

F1000Research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Effects of Taste Signaling Protein Abolishment on Gut Inflammation in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model
09:31

Effects of Taste Signaling Protein Abolishment on Gut Inflammation in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model

Published on: November 9, 2018

9.2K

Gut chemosensing: implications for disease pathogenesis.

Christopher J Berg1, Jonathan D Kaunitz2

  • 1David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

F1000Research
|October 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans sense ingested chemicals via taste, with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) detecting sweet, bitter, and umami tastes in both the tongue and gut. These gut sensors on enteroendocrine cells (EECs) influence gut hormones, impacting metabolism and disease.

Keywords:
Artificial sweetenersGut chemosensingTASRTaste receptorstaste

More Related Videos

A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis
09:18

A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis

Published on: July 28, 2023

3.7K
Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor GPCR-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor GPCR-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum

Published on: September 20, 2011

18.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Effects of Taste Signaling Protein Abolishment on Gut Inflammation in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model
09:31

Effects of Taste Signaling Protein Abolishment on Gut Inflammation in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Mouse Model

Published on: November 9, 2018

9.2K
A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis
09:18

A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis

Published on: July 28, 2023

3.7K
Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor GPCR-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor GPCR-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum

Published on: September 20, 2011

18.5K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Endocrinology
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology

Background:

  • The human gut possesses chemosensory capabilities, detecting ingested substances through specialized receptors.
  • G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) responsible for sweet, bitter, and umami tastes are now known to be present in the gut mucosa, not just the tongue.

Approach:

  • This review focuses on recent advancements in understanding foregut luminal chemosensing mechanisms and outcomes.
  • Emphasis is placed on cell surface GPCRs, including sweet taste receptors (TASRs), fatty acid (FA) receptors, and bile acid receptors.

Key Points:

  • Luminal chemosensors are primarily expressed on enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in the intestine and pancreas.
  • Ligand activation of these sensors triggers the release of gut hormones, crucial for physiological regulation.
  • EECs form direct connections with the enteric nervous system, facilitating sensory data transmission to the central nervous system.

Conclusions:

  • Gut chemosensing plays a vital role in regulating glycemic control, appetite, gastric emptying, and intestinal health.
  • Dysfunctional gut chemosensing is linked to various pathological conditions, including metabolic diseases (diabetes, obesity), functional dyspepsia, and gastrointestinal cancers.