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Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Solution-Processed "Silver-Bismuth-Iodine" Ternary Thin Films for Lead-Free Photovoltaic Absorbers
Published on: September 27, 2018
Synthesis and structure of pseudo-three dimensional hybrid iodobismuthate semiconductors
Adam J Dennington1, Mark T Weller
1The University of Bath - Department of Chemistry, Bath, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, UK.
Abstract:
The synthesis, structures and semiconducting properties of three isostructural, piperazinium-cation based iodobismuthates, [NH2(CH2)4NH2][BiI4]2·4H2O, [CH3NH(CH2)4NH2][BiI4]2·3H2O and [CH3NH(CH2)4HNCH3][BiI4]2·2H2O, are reported. The materials have pseudo-three dimensional structures consisting of infinite chains formed from edge/face sharing [BiI6] octahedra with short interchain II interactions of <3.8 Å. The materials have band gaps of ∼1.9-2.0 eV and show variable optoelectronic properties based on the degree of methylation of the templating piperazinium ring-based organic species and the accordingly associated level of solvation in the structure.
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