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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Systematic effects from an ambient-temperature, continuously rotating half-wave plate.

T Essinger-Hileman¹, A Kusaka¹, J W Appel¹

¹Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|October 27, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Atacama B-Mode Search experiment evaluated a rotating half-wave plate (HWP) for Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) studies. Results show minimal temperature-to-polarization leakage, demonstrating HWP

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Area of Science:

Cosmology and Astrophysics
Instrumental Science
Microwave Telescopy

Background:

The Atacama B-Mode Search (ABS) experiment utilizes a 145 GHz microwave telescope to study the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB).
Systematic effects in CMB experiments, particularly temperature-to-polarization leakage, can impact the precision of cosmological parameter estimation.
Continuously rotating half-wave plates (HWPs) are employed to mitigate instrumental systematic errors.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate in-field systematic effects of a continuously rotating, ambient-temperature half-wave plate (HWP) using data from the Atacama B-Mode Search (ABS) experiment.
To quantify the temperature-to-polarization leakage, decomposed into scalar, dipole, and quadrupole components.
To assess the impact of HWP-induced systematic errors on the measurement of primordial gravitational waves (r).

Main Methods:

Analysis of two seasons of data from the ABS experiment, a microwave telescope operating at 145 GHz.
Decomposition of celestial temperature-to-polarization leakage into scalar, dipole, and quadrupole terms.
In-field evaluation of systematic effects directly attributable to the continuously rotating HWP.

Main Results:

A scalar leakage of approximately 0.01% was measured, which is an order of magnitude smaller than reported by other CMB experiments.
No significant dipole or quadrupole leakage terms were detected, with upper limits constrained to <0.07% (95% confidence).
The measured and theoretical leakage levels result in a systematic error on r < 0.001 for the ABS survey design before data correction.

Conclusions:

The continuously rotating HWP in the ABS experiment effectively mitigates beam systematic errors.
The low levels of temperature-to-polarization leakage achieved demonstrate the suitability of rotating HWPs for future CMB experiments aiming for high precision.
The results indicate that rotating HWPs are a promising technology for reducing instrumental systematics in CMB observations.