Evolution of excimer laser corneal surgery.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Laser Physics

Background:

• Early research explored excimer laser potential for refractive surgery.
• Photoablative decomposition was identified as a key mechanism for corneal control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy and safety of excimer laser technology for corneal refractive surgery.
• To assess the potential for controlled corneal ablation and healing.

Main Methods:

• Experiments demonstrated submicron material erosion via photoablation.
• Studies involved ablation on rabbit and primate corneas to evaluate healing.
• Clinical investigations were initiated to assess refractive predictability and corneal transparency.

Main Results:

• Submicron ablation was achieved without damaging surrounding corneal tissue.
• Excised corneal areas in animal models healed without scarring or loss of transparency.
• Early clinical trials indicated predictable and stable refractive changes post-surgery, maintaining corneal transparency.

Conclusions:

• Excimer laser photoablation is a viable technique for corneal refractive surgery.
• The technology facilitates scar-free healing and predictable refractive correction.
• Further clinical investigations are warranted for applications like refractive keratectomy and laser keratomileusis.