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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Deaf Studies

Background:

  • Understanding the cognitive processes underlying reading and language acquisition in deaf individuals is crucial.
  • Investigating how deaf signers process and retain information presented in different modalities (print, fingerspelling) is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the phonological coding of printed and fingerspelled words in deaf adult signers and hearing non-signers.
  • To determine if fingerspelling (FS) is recoded into a manual-based code or relies on speech-based phonology.

Main Methods:

  • Three immediate serial recall experiments were conducted.
  • Stimulus presentation varied between printed and fingerspelled words.
  • Word similarity was manipulated based on speech-based and manual features.

Main Results:

  • Speech-based similarity effects were observed for both printed and fingerspelled words, suggesting recoding into a speech-based phonological code.
  • No manual similarity effect was found for printed words, indicating print was not recoded into fingerspelling.
  • A manual similarity effect for fingerspelled words was attributed to perceptual confusion, not a distinct manual code.

Conclusions:

  • Fingerspelling is strongly linked to English phonology in skilled deaf adult readers.
  • This phonological link facilitates efficient short-term memory retention of fingerspelled words.
  • The findings suggest potential benefits for English vocabulary representation and development in deaf signers.