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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

8.0K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

17.0K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

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Dendritic Cells and Cancer Immunity.

Alycia Gardner1, Brian Ruffell2

  • 1Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA; Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|October 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for anti-cancer immunity by activating T cells. While DC maturation is essential, tumor microenvironments often hinder their effectiveness, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
antigen presentationcancerdendritic cellsimmunotherapytumor microenvironmentvaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Immunology
  • Cellular Immunology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key regulators of adaptive immunity, essential for T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses.
  • Conventional DCs present tumor antigens to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes, a critical step in cancer immunity.
  • DC maturation provides necessary costimulatory signals for T-cell activation, but is often insufficient within the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of dendritic cells in anti-tumor immunity.
  • To understand the limitations of DC maturation in the context of tumor suppressive mechanisms.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting dendritic cells for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on dendritic cell function in cancer immunity.
  • Analysis of mechanisms limiting DC efficacy within tumors.
  • Discussion of therapeutic approaches for dendritic cell activation.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cells are vital for initiating T-cell responses against tumors.
  • Tumor-associated immunosuppression impairs dendritic cell maturation and function.
  • Direct activation or bypassing suppressive pathways can enhance DC-mediated anti-tumor immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Dendritic cell-based therapies hold translational potential for cancer treatment.
  • Combinatorial approaches targeting dendritic cells may overcome tumor-induced immune suppression.
  • Further research is needed to optimize dendritic cell-targeted immunotherapies for clinical efficacy.