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Updated: Mar 12, 2026
A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Published on: April 19, 2019
Impact of Community-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Clinical Parameters of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases
Kheng Yong Ong1, Elise Yap2, Yvonne May Fen Chia3
1Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore, Singapore.
Insights
Singapore's community-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme significantly improved cardiovascular health. Patients in the CR program showed better cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose levels compared to those receiving regular care.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs enhance patient outcomes but exhibit variability in components.
- The clinical impact of Singapore's community-based CR program remains unquantified.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of a community-based CR program on key clinical parameters in Singaporean cardiovascular disease patients.
- Evaluate the impact of a structured CR program versus standard care.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study comparing community-based CR participants (n=94) with regular care controls (n=157) from 2009-2013.
- Analysis of clinical and physical parameters at baseline and one-year follow-up.
- Multivariate linear regression used to compare changes between groups, with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as the primary outcome.
Main Results:
- The CR group demonstrated a significant reduction in LDL levels (2.5 to 2.2 mmol/L), while the control group saw an increase (2.2 to 2.4 mmol/L).
- Intervention group showed greater improvements in LDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure compared to controls.
- Statistically significant improvements were observed across multiple cardiovascular risk factors in the CR group (p<0.01 for most).
Conclusions:
- Community-based CR in Singapore is linked to improvements in multiple cardiovascular clinical parameters.
- The findings suggest that this CR program offers significant benefits for cardiovascular disease patients.
Background:
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes have been shown to improve patient outcomes, but vary widely in their components. The impact of Singapore's CR programme on clinical outcomes is currently not known.
Objective:
To evaluate the effects of a community-based CR programme on important clinical parameters in patients with cardiovascular disease in Singapore.
Method:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Cardiovascular patients who had completed a hospital-based CR programme were included. Patients who continued with community-based CR (n = 94) during the period of 2009-2013 were compared with patients who received regular care (n = 157). Changes in clinical and physical examination parameters between baseline and one-year post follow-up were analyzed. Within-group differences were compared using the paired t-test, while multivariate linear regression was used to compare the changes in the various parameters between the intervention and control groups. The primary outcome measure was low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.
Results:
Patients in the intervention group had significant lowering of LDL (2.5 to 2.2 mmol/L, p<0.01), while the control group's LDL increased (2.2 to 2.4 mmol/L, p<0.01). The intervention group had greater improvements in LDL (-0.3 vs. +0.2 mmol/L, p<0.01), triglycerides (-0.1 vs. +0.1 mmol/L, p=0.01), total cholesterol (-0.3 vs. +0.3 mmol/L, p<0.01), fasting blood glucose (-0.5 vs. +0.3 mmol/L, p<0.01), systolic blood pressure (-3.2 vs. +5 mmHg, p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (-2.6 vs. +2.8 mmHg, p<0.01).
Conclusion:
The community-based CR programme in Singapore is associated with improvements in several cardiovascular clinical parameters and may be of benefit to cardiovascular patients.
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