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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
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Arterial and Cellular Inflammation in Patients with CKD
Sophie J Bernelot Moens1, Simone L Verweij1, Fleur M van der Valk1
1Departments of *Vascular Medicine.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|November 2, 2016
Summary
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit heightened arterial inflammation and increased monocyte activity, contributing to their elevated cardiovascular disease risk. These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for preventing cardiovascular complications in CKD patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Nephrology
- Inflammation Biology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Both CKD and CVD share underlying inflammation, with C-reactive protein as a CVD risk predictor in CKD.
- Arterial inflammation, mediated by macrophages, is a known CVD predictor in the general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if CKD patients exhibit increased arterial and cellular inflammation.
- To assess arterial inflammation using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT).
- To evaluate monocyte migratory phenotype in CKD patients.
Main Methods:
- 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of arterial walls in 14 CKD patients and 14 controls.
- Quantification of arterial inflammation via target-to-background ratio (TBRmax).
- Flow cytometry analysis of circulating monocyte chemokine receptor expression and transendothelial migration capacity.
Main Results:
- CKD patients showed significantly higher arterial inflammation (TBRmax) in the aorta and carotid arteries compared to controls.
- Patients with CKD displayed increased monocyte chemokine receptor expression.
- Circulating monocytes from CKD patients exhibited enhanced transendothelial migration capacity.
Conclusions:
- Increased arterial wall inflammation in CKD patients, even without overt atherosclerosis or traditional risk factors, may drive their heightened CVD risk.
- Elevated monocyte activity in CKD presents potential therapeutic targets for mitigating inflammation and preventing associated cardiovascular disease.
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