Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device
The Midpoint Formula
Field Application of Global Positioning System
Introduction to Global Positioning System
Errors in Global Positioning System
Types of Global Positioning System Surveys
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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
Published on: October 18, 2024
Xiaopu Wang1, Yan Xiong2, Wenchao Huang3
1School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China. wangxp88@mail.ustc.edu.cn.
This study introduces a novel indoor direction-finding system using smartphones and loudspeakers. It enables accurate navigation by emulating an antenna array with body movement, overcoming complex indoor environments.
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