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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

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Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
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Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
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Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
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Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale01:22

Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

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The definition of temperature in terms of molecular motion suggests that there should be a lowest possible temperature, where the average kinetic energy of molecules is zero (or the minimum allowed by quantum mechanics). Experiments confirm the existence of such a temperature, called absolute zero. An absolute temperature scale is one whose zero point is absolute zero. Such scales are convenient in science because several physical quantities, such as the volume of an ideal gas, are directly...
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Related Experiment Video

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Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
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Whispering Gallery Mode Thermometry.

Simone Corbellini1, Chiara Ramella2, Lili Yu3

  • 1Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy. simone.corbellini@polito.it.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel whispering gallery mode (WGM) thermometer system, offering superior precision and stability over traditional platinum resistance thermometers for industrial applications. The WGM thermometer achieves sub-millikelvin resolution and stability, paving the way for advanced temperature measurements.

Keywords:
high-accuracy thermometrymicrowave resonancesapphire-based dielectric thermometrytemperature sensorswhispering gallery mode resonators

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Metrology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional platinum resistance thermometers have limitations in industrial applications, including potential for higher measurement uncertainty.
  • Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators offer a promising alternative for high-precision thermometry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a state-of-the-art WGM thermometer system.
  • To demonstrate its potential to replace existing industrial thermometers and overcome their limitations.
  • To achieve lower measurement uncertainty and higher precision in temperature sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a sapphire-crystal-based WGM resonator with resonant modes between 10 GHz and 20 GHz.
  • Developed a portable, low-cost interrogation system (hardware and software) for resonance frequency determination with high accuracy (parts in 10⁸).
  • Experimentally assessed measurement stability, repeatability, resolution, and calibrated the thermometer from -74 °C to 85 °C.

Main Results:

  • Identified a WGM around 13.6 GHz that maximizes measurement performance.
  • Achieved sub-millikelvin resolution and temperature stability better than 1 mK at 0 °C.
  • Demonstrated a combined standard uncertainty within 5 mK for calibration points, with the WGM thermometer's contribution under 1 mK.

Conclusions:

  • The WGM thermometer system offers comparable or superior performance to state-of-the-art industrial thermometry.
  • The system's portability and low cost, combined with high accuracy, make it a viable replacement for platinum resistance thermometers.
  • The WGM thermometer alone contributes minimal uncertainty (within a millikelvin), highlighting its potential for advanced metrology.