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Related Experiment Video

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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Negative mood-induction modulates default mode network resting-state functional connectivity in chronic depression.

Fritz Renner1, Nicolette Siep2, Arnoud Arntz3

  • 1MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.

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|November 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Sad mood alters default mode network (DMN) connectivity in chronic major depressive disorder (cMDD). Patients showed different DMN connectivity changes compared to controls, potentially indicating impaired cognitive control over negative memories.

Keywords:
Chronic depressionDefault mode networkMood-inductionPosterior cingulate cortexResting state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Chronic major depressive disorder (cMDD) is associated with altered brain connectivity.
  • The default mode network (DMN) plays a crucial role in mood regulation and cognitive processes.
  • Understanding DMN function in cMDD is essential for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of induced sad mood on DMN resting-state functional connectivity.
  • To compare these effects in individuals with cMDD versus healthy controls.
  • To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of mood regulation in depression.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Participants included 18 individuals with cMDD and 18 matched healthy controls.
  • A sad mood induction procedure was administered before fMRI scans, with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as the seed region for DMN analysis.

Main Results:

  • Sad mood induction decreased mood ratings in both groups.
  • In cMDD patients, PCC connectivity increased with the parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and anterior inferior temporal cortex, but decreased with the anterior prefrontal cortex and precuneus.
  • In contrast, non-patient controls showed decreased PCC connectivity with the parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and anterior inferior temporal cortex, and increased connectivity with the anterior prefrontal cortex and precuneus.

Conclusions:

  • Observed alterations in DMN connectivity following sad mood induction in cMDD patients may signify a deficit in cognitive control over negative memory retrieval.
  • These findings support neurobiological models of depression.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes and clinical control groups is warranted.