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Hyponatraemia: Epidemiology and aetiology in a tertiary care centre in Pakistan
Nauman Tarif1, Omer Sabir1, Azra Niaz1
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Lahore.
Objective:
To determine the incidence, aetiology and epidemiology of hospitalized patients with hyponatraemia.
Methods:
Subjects were identified through hospital information system for two consecutive low sodium values (< 130 mEq/L) and charts were reviewed retrospectively. Possible etiologic factors were identified and co-morbidities documented. Management plans were also noted.
Results:
Among the hospitalized patients the incidence of hyponatraemia was 6.72%. The mean age was 54.8±14.8 years and there were 50% males. The mean serum sodium at presentation was 122 mEq/L. Most common causes were volume depletion (30.6%) and chronic kidney disease (22.6%). Most of the patients had two or more co morbidities. Hyponatraemia at presentation and improvement or worsening during hospital stay did not affect survival of patients.
Conclusions:
Hypervolaemic hyponatraemia was the most common presentation in our study.