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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Colony Formation Assay Detecting the Proliferative Capacity of LncRNA-knockdown Osteosarcoma Cells
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Long non-coding RNA PVT1 promotes osteosarcoma development by acting as a molecular sponge to regulate miR-195.

Quan Zhou1, Fengli Chen2, Jiali Zhao1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai'an Second Hospital, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, China.

Oncotarget
|November 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNA PVT1 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma, promoting cancer progression. Silencing PVT1 inhibits tumor growth, migration, and invasion by regulating miR-195, offering a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.

Keywords:
PVT1invasionmiR-195osteosarcomaproliferation

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Author Spotlight: RNA FISH for Locating lncRNA-SNHG6 in Osteosarcoma Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in oncogenesis.
  • Osteosarcoma is a prevalent bone cancer with significant mortality.
  • The role of lncRNA PVT1 in osteosarcoma progression requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of lncRNA PVT1 in osteosarcoma.
  • To explore the regulatory mechanism of PVT1 involving microRNAs.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of targeting PVT1 in osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) for gene expression analysis.
  • Cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion assays (MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell).
  • Gene microarray, luciferase reporter gene assay, and Western blot to elucidate molecular interactions.

Main Results:

  • PVT1 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma, correlating with decreased patient survival.
  • Silencing PVT1 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while promoting apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
  • PVT1 negatively regulates miR-195, and its tumor-suppressive effects are mediated through the PVT1/miR-195 axis, impacting BCL2, CCND1, and FASN expression.

Conclusions:

  • PVT1 acts as an oncogenic lncRNA in osteosarcoma by suppressing miR-195.
  • Targeting PVT1 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma treatment.
  • The PVT1/miR-195 pathway influences key oncogenic proteins, highlighting its significance in osteosarcoma progression.