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Hemocompatibility studies on a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic polyurethane (D-PHI).
Kathryne S Brockman1, Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu2, J Paul Santerre3
1Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3R5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
This study assessed the hemocompatibility of a complex polyurethane (D-PHI), finding mild complement activation and extrinsic coagulation initiation. Leukocytes mediate platelet interactions, suggesting a role in wound healing for vascular constructs.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Polymer Chemistry
- Hemocompatibility Studies
Background:
- Biomaterial blood compatibility is crucial for medical devices, involving coagulation, complement, platelets, and leukocytes.
- Complex copolymeric biomaterials offer potential advantages over simple ones for blood-contacting applications.
- Understanding hemocompatibility mechanisms is vital for predicting device performance and failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively assess the hemocompatibility of a novel complex polyurethane (D-PHI) with diverse functional domains.
- To investigate the effects of D-PHI on coagulation cascade, complement system, platelets, and leukocytes.
- To elucidate the mechanisms underlying blood-biomaterial interactions with D-PHI.
Main Methods:
- Whole blood (WB) studies to evaluate overall blood clot formation on D-PHI.
- Assays for intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways, complement activation, and platelet activation.
- Assessment of leukocyte involvement in platelet-biomaterial interactions.
Main Results:
- D-PHI showed a slight increase in blood clot formation in WB but no significant increase in intrinsic coagulation.
- Minimal platelet adhesion and slight platelet activation were observed compared to controls.
- Mild complement activation and increased extrinsic pathway initiation were noted, with leukocytes playing a key role.
Conclusions:
- Complement activation may incite leukocytes to generate tissue factor, initiating extrinsic coagulation.
- The observed low level of blood clotting on D-PHI may contribute to its previously reported beneficial wound healing properties in vascular constructs.
- Complex polyurethanes with diverse surface chemistries show promise for improved hemocompatibility.
