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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

651
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
651
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

687
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
687
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

513
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
513
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

299
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
299
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

526
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
526
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

399
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
399

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Sudden death in infective endocarditis.

Jussara Bianchi Castelli1, Germana Almeida2, Rinaldo Focaccia Siciliano3

  • 1Anatomic Pathology Department - Instituto do Coração - Faculty of Medicine - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP - Brazil .

Autopsy & Case Reports
|November 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Infective endocarditis (IE) can cause rare but fatal coronary artery embolism, leading to sudden death. Early consideration of surgical intervention alongside antibiotics is crucial for managing this severe complication.

Keywords:
Coronary VesselsEmbolismEndocarditisHeart ArrestLupus Erythematosus, Systemic

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) has a high fatality rate, with coronary embolism being a rare but serious complication.
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients may be at increased risk for IE and its complications.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old woman with SLE and IE experienced sudden cardiac arrest and death.
  • Autopsy revealed left main coronary artery occlusion by a septic embolus from mitral valve vegetation.

Findings:

  • The cause of death was acute myocardial infarction due to septic embolism from infective endocarditis.
  • Coronary embolism is a rare (up to 1.5% incidence) but potentially lethal complication of IE.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the critical need to consider coronary embolism in IE patients presenting with cardiac events.
  • Prompt diagnosis and combined surgical and antibiotic treatment may improve outcomes in selected IE cases with embolic complications.