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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Detrusor Underactivity Model in Rats by Conus Medullaris Transection
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Sacral neuromodulation in overactive bladder: a review and current perspectives.

Troy Sukhu1, Michael J Kennelly2, Raj Kurpad1

  • 1Department of Urology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Research and Reports in Urology
|November 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Sacral neuromodulation effectively treats overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms like urgency and incontinence. This durable treatment option shows continued efficacy for both wet and dry OAB patients.

Keywords:
overactive bladderrefractorysacral neuromodulationurge incontinencevoiding dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Overactive bladder (OAB) affects a significant population, particularly older adults, manifesting as urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence.
  • Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has emerged as a prominent treatment for refractory OAB over the last two decades.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature to evaluate the efficacy and durability of SNM for OAB.
  • The approach focuses on evidence demonstrating SNM's effectiveness in improving OAB symptoms and patient outcomes.

Key Points:

  • SNM is proven effective for OAB and urge incontinence, evidenced by reduced voiding frequency, increased bladder capacity, and fewer leakage episodes.
  • Treatment benefits from SNM are durable, lasting for multiple years post-implantation.
  • While SNM has a notable rate of adverse events, its long-term cost-effectiveness is comparable to alternatives like botulinum toxin A.

Conclusions:

  • Sacral neuromodulation remains a highly efficacious treatment for refractory overactive bladder (OAB) in both wet and dry forms.
  • The indications for sacral neuromodulation are continuously expanding, highlighting its versatility in managing lower urinary tract dysfunction.