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Postmortem cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.

M S Platt1, S McClure, R Clarke

  • 1Children's Hospital Medical Center, Akron, OH 44308.

The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
|September 1, 1989
PubMed
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Postmortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis is common in infants and adults. Sudden infant death cases show higher CSF cell counts, primarily lymphocytes and macrophages, before 12 hours postmortem.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic pathology
  • Neuropathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is crucial in diagnosing neurological conditions.
  • Understanding postmortem changes in CSF is vital for interpreting forensic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of postmortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis.
  • To determine the cellular composition and identify factors influencing CSF changes after death.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of postmortem CSF and ventricular fluid from pediatric and adult cases.
  • Cell counting and morphological characterization using histochemical markers.
  • Analysis of cell types, including lymphocytes and macrophages, in relation to postmortem interval.

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Main Results:

  • Postmortem CSF pleocytosis is a frequent finding, particularly pronounced in infants.
  • Sudden infant death cases exhibit elevated CSF cell counts.
  • Identifiable cells are mononuclear, predominantly lymphocytes (60-70%) and macrophages (20-40%).
  • Cellular morphology degrades and identification becomes impossible after 12 hours postmortem.

Conclusions:

  • Postmortem CSF pleocytosis is a common physiological response.
  • The cellular profile suggests an inflammatory or immune response.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the etiology of postmortem CSF pleocytosis.