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The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
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Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 reference equations for spirometry in the Norwegian population.

Arnulf Langhammer1, Ane Johannessen2, Turid L Holmen3

  • 1HUNT Research Centre, Dept of Public Health and General Practice, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway arnulf.langhammer@ntnu.no.

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|November 9, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 reference values fit Norwegian spirometry data well. These updated lung function references are recommended for use in Norway, improving obstructive lung disease assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Current lung function references (ECSC, Zapletal) may not accurately represent Norwegian populations.
  • Accurate lung function references are crucial for diagnosing obstructive lung disease and assessing population health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 reference values against Norwegian spirometry data.
  • To compare GLI-2012 with existing ECSC and Zapletal references.
  • To estimate the prevalence of obstructive lung disease in Norway using different reference criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of spirometry data from 30,239 individuals aged 12-90 years across three Norwegian population-based studies.
  • Conversion of spirometry measurements to z-scores to assess the fit of GLI-2012 equations.
  • Comparison of GLI-2012 lower limit of normal (LLN) criteria with traditional thresholds (FEV1/FVC < 0.7) for diagnosing obstruction.

Main Results:

  • The GLI-2012 prediction equations demonstrated a satisfactory fit to the Norwegian data, with median z-scores close to zero for FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC in both males and females.
  • Existing ECSC and Zapletal references significantly underestimated FEV1 and FVC in the Norwegian population.
  • Using the stricter GLI-2012 LLN for defining obstruction identified a substantially higher risk of obstructive characteristics compared to the FEV1/FVC < 0.7 criterion.

Conclusions:

  • The GLI-2012 reference values are recommended for use in Norway due to their good fit with local spirometry data.
  • Adoption of GLI-2012 LLN criteria for obstruction provides a more sensitive assessment of risk compared to older methods.
  • Updated reference values are essential for accurate diagnosis and epidemiological studies of lung disease in Norway.