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Nematic liquid crystals on sinusoidal channels: the zigzag instability.

Nuno M Silvestre1,2, Jose M Romero-Enrique3, Margarida M Telo da Gama1,2

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Patterned substrates create complex liquid crystal textures. A zigzag disclination line forms in 5CB nematic liquid crystals within sinusoidal channels due to twist instability and surface anchoring effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystals

Background:

  • Patterned substrates induce diverse liquid crystal (LC) textures.
  • LC response depends on elastic anisotropy and length scales.
  • Competing surface anchoring influences texture formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate nematic LC texture in sinusoidal channels.
  • Analyze the formation of zigzag disclination lines.
  • Understand the role of elastic constants and surface anchoring.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Landau-de Gennes free energy model.
  • Simulated nematic behavior in patterned microchannels.
  • Analyzed defect line behavior under varying elastic properties.

Main Results:

  • Observed a zigzag disclination line in 5CB within micron-sized channels.
  • Identified twist instability as the cause for zigzag pattern formation.
  • Found zigzag periodicity depends non-linearly on channel geometry.

Conclusions:

  • Elastic anisotropy and surface anchoring dictate LC texture.
  • Zigzag disclination arises from twist instability and competing surface forces.
  • Channel geometry significantly influences the observed zigzag pattern periodicity.