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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Microfluidic Buffer Exchange for Interference-free Micro/Nanoparticle Cell Engineering
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Advancements in microfluidics for nanoparticle separation.

Thoriq Salafi1, Kerwin Kwek Zeming2, Yong Zhang1

  • 1NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, 05-01 28 Medical Drive, 117456 Singapore. biezy@nus.edu.sg and Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, 117576 Singapore.

Lab on a Chip
|November 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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Microfluidic devices offer a continuous, low-cost method for separating nanoparticles, outperforming traditional techniques. This review highlights advances, applications, and challenges in microfluidic nanoparticle separation for healthcare and nanoscience.

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Materials Science
  • Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Nanoparticles are crucial in healthcare and nanoscience, necessitating efficient separation methods.
  • Conventional separation techniques (e.g., ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis) are often discontinuous, labor-intensive, and require large sample volumes.
  • Microfluidics presents a promising alternative for continuous and low-cost particle separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in nanoparticle separation using microfluidic devices.
  • To compare microfluidic techniques with conventional separation methods.
  • To discuss potential applications and challenges in separating nanoparticles and biological molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on microfluidic nanoparticle separation techniques.

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  • Analysis of advantages of microfluidics over traditional separation methods.
  • Exploration of applications in separating synthetic nanoparticles and biological entities.

    • Main Results:

    • Microfluidics enables continuous, efficient, and low-volume nanoparticle separation.
    • Microfluidic devices demonstrate versatility in sorting micron-sized particles and show potential for nanoparticle and biomolecule separation.
    • Key techniques, advantages, and applications are identified, alongside existing challenges.

    Conclusions:

    • Microfluidics is a powerful platform for advancing nanoparticle separation in various scientific and industrial fields.
    • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in separating diverse nanoparticles and complex biological molecules like DNA, proteins, viruses, and exosomes.
    • Microfluidic separation holds significant promise for future healthcare and nanoscience innovations.