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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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Activity Limitation in Glaucoma: Objective Assessment by the Cambridge Glaucoma Visual Function Test.

Simon E Skalicky1, Colm McAlinden2, Tasneem Khatib3

  • 1Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 2Addenbrookes Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Cambridge, United Kingdom 3Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 4Departments of Ophthalmology and Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia 5Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new computer-based test, the Cambridge Glaucoma Visual Function Test (CGVFT), effectively simulates glaucoma-related activity limitations. This tool aids patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers in understanding visual challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Computer Science
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Glaucoma significantly impacts daily activities and quality of life.
  • Objective assessment of glaucoma-related activity limitations is crucial for patient care and management.
  • Existing methods may not fully capture the functional consequences of glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a computer-based objective simulation of activity limitation in glaucoma.
  • To assess the psychometric properties of the Cambridge Glaucoma Visual Function Test (CGVFT).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 70 glaucoma patients and 14 controls.
  • Administration of the Cambridge Glaucoma Visual Function Test (CGVFT).
  • Rasch analysis and validity testing (criterion, convergent, divergent) of the CGVFT; regression modeling for predictive factors.

Main Results:

  • 59 out of 139 pilot CGVFT items fit the Rasch model with good precision and targeting.
  • CGVFT scores significantly increased from controls to severe glaucoma patients, indicating good criterion validity.
  • CGVFT demonstrated convergent validity with GAL-9 and VFQUI, but suboptimal divergent validity. Lower better eye mean deviation and older age predicted worse CGVFT scores.

Conclusions:

  • The CGVFT is a validated computerized test for assessing glaucoma-related activity limitations.
  • This tool can enhance awareness of functional deficits among glaucoma patients, caregivers, healthcare providers, and policymakers.