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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: September 8, 2023
Three-dimensional analysis of craniofacial bones and soft tissues in obstructive sleep apnea using cone beam computed
Annick Bruwier1, Robert Poirrier2, Adelin Albert3
1Department of Orthodontics, Liege University Hospital, Liege, Belgium.
Abstract:
A total of 154 adult patients with sleep complaints underwent a polysomnography and a craniofacial cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). OSA was defined as an apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) or an oxygen desaturation index (ODI) ≥ 10. Soft tissues and craniofacial bones volumes were prospectively measured by CBCT and collected blindly from sleep polysomnography. Among the study patients, 127 (83%) suffered from OSA and 27 (17%) did not. OSA patients demonstrated a narrower maxillo-palatine core volume (11.7±3.2 vs 14.6±4.9cm3) even when adjusting for age, gender, height, neck circumference and body mass index. These upper airway measures provide a comprehensive analysis of bony structures and soft tissues, which can be involved in OSA.
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