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Wanting and liking: Separable components in problematic eating behavior?

Sarah E Polk1, Erica M Schulte1, Celina R Furman1

  • 1University of Michigan, 530 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Highly processed foods are craved more and may trigger addictive-like eating behaviors. Individual differences in food addiction symptoms, restraint, and BMI influence craving and liking for these foods.

Keywords:
CravingFood addictionLikingObesityRestraint

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Psychology

Background:

  • Problematic eating, including addictive-like responses to food, is a growing concern.
  • Highly processed foods, rich in fats and refined carbohydrates, are hypothesized to be particularly implicated in addictive-like eating patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between highly processed foods and both craving (wanting) and liking (enjoyment).
  • To determine if individual differences, such as food addiction symptoms, cognitive restraint, and body mass index (BMI), modulate these relationships.
  • To explore the applicability of the incentive sensitization theory to problematic food consumption.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 216 participants who reported craving and liking for 35 different foods.
  • Participants completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ).

Main Results:

  • Highly processed foods were associated with significantly higher overall craving.
  • Craving for highly processed foods was negatively predicted by cognitive restraint and positively by Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) scores.
  • Liking of highly processed foods was negatively predicted by restraint and positively by body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions:

  • Craving and liking appear to be distinct responses to highly processed foods.
  • These responses are influenced by factors including addictive-like eating tendencies, cognitive restraint, and BMI.
  • The findings suggest that the incentive sensitization framework, typically applied to drug abuse, may also be relevant for understanding problematic food consumption, particularly in individuals with food addiction symptoms.