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Effect of Telehealth Interventions on Hospitalization Indicators: A Systematic Review
Leila R Kalankesh1, Faramarz Pourasghar2, Lorraine Nicholson3
1Medical informatics and health information technology in School of Management and Medical Informatics and researcher at Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center in Tabriz, Iran.
Perspectives in Health Information Management /
|November 16, 2016
Summary
Telehealth interventions showed mixed results on reducing hospitalization rates and length of stay. Further research is needed to account for confounding factors for valid conclusions on telehealth
Area of Science:
- Healthcare delivery innovation
- Digital health technologies
- Health services research
Background:
- Telehealth, the remote delivery of healthcare via technology, is proposed to address challenges in resource-limited systems.
- Increasing chronic diseases and aging populations necessitate improved healthcare delivery models.
- Telehealth offers a potential solution to adapt healthcare services for evolving population needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the impact of telehealth interventions on hospitalization rates.
- To evaluate the effect of telehealth on the length of hospital stay.
- To synthesize evidence on telehealth's effectiveness in healthcare resource utilization.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.
- Searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Springer databases (Jan 2005-Nov 2013).
- Keywords included: telehealth, telemedicine, hospitalization, length of stay, resource utilization.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 22 studies involving 19,086 patients.
- Telehealth had a statistically significant effect on all-cause hospitalization in 40% of studies.
- Telehealth had a statistically significant effect on all-cause length of stay in 36% of studies.
Conclusions:
- The impact of telehealth on hospitalization and length of stay shows variable statistical significance across studies.
- Confounding factors must be considered in studies evaluating telehealth's effect on these indicators.
- Valid judgments on telehealth's effectiveness require controlling for all influential external factors.
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