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Hemorrhagic Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis.

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A rare case of hemorrhagic longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) occurred in a healthy woman two weeks after influenza vaccination. This presentation may be a variant of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a neurological condition that can be triggered by viral infections and vaccinations.
  • Hemorrhagic LETM is a severe variant, and its association with vaccinations is not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of hemorrhagic LETM following seasonal influenza vaccination.
  • To discuss the potential link between influenza vaccination and this rare neurological event.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a healthy 33-year-old immunocompetent woman.
  • Detailed clinical presentation and temporal association with influenza vaccination.

Main Results:

  • The patient developed hemorrhagic LETM two weeks post-influenza vaccination.
  • This is the first reported case of hemorrhagic LETM after influenza vaccination in the literature.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza vaccination may be a potential trigger for hemorrhagic LETM.
  • This condition might represent a forme fruste of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis.