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[Neuroanatomy of Temporal Association Cortex]
1Lab for Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry.
Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|November 17, 2016
Summary
The temporal lobe processes auditory, visual, and cognitive functions. This review maps historical names to functional regions, clarifying auditory processing and visual pathways like the "What" and "Where" streams.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuroanatomy
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- The temporal lobe houses specialized regions for auditory, visual, and meta-cognitive functions.
- Subcortical structures like the amygdala and hippocampus are also considered temporal.
- Multiple historical nomenclature systems exist for temporal lobe gyri and sulci.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review historical naming conventions of cerebral temporal structures.
- To correlate these anatomical names with functional regions within the temporal lobe.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical nomenclature systems for temporal lobe anatomy.
- Mapping of functional processing areas onto anatomical structures.
Main Results:
- Auditory processing occurs in the medial temporal lobe (belt and parabelt regions).
- Visual streams ('What' and 'Where' pathways) project through rostral and caudal superior temporal gyrus, respectively.
- The superior temporal sulcus integrates auditory and visual information, potentially involved in processing dynamic and biological motion.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the relationship between temporal lobe nomenclature and function is crucial.
- The superior temporal sulcus plays a key role in integrating sensory information for complex perception.
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