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Bioretention storm water control measures decrease the toxicity of copper roof runoff.

William J LaBarre1, David R Ownby1, Kevin J Rader2

  • 1Urban Environmental Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA.

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
|November 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bioretention stormwater control measures (SCMs), like planter boxes and swales, effectively reduce copper toxicity from roof runoff. These systems improve water quality, protecting aquatic life such as Daphnia magna.

Keywords:
BioretentionCopperRoof runoffStorm waterToxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Water quality management
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Copper (Cu) from roofing materials can contaminate stormwater runoff.
  • Aquatic organisms, like Daphnia magna, are sensitive to copper toxicity.
  • Bioretention systems are designed to treat stormwater runoff.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of planter boxes and swales in reducing copper toxicity in stormwater.
  • To analyze changes in stormwater chemistry after passing through bioretention systems.
  • To assess the predictive capability of the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) for copper toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory toxicity tests using Daphnia magna under low ionic strength conditions.
  • Analysis of stormwater chemistry (pH, ions, alkalinity, dissolved organic carbon, total and dissolved copper).
  • Application of the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) to predict toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Bioretention systems significantly decreased copper toxicity in stormwater.
  • Effluent from planter boxes and swales showed increased pH, ions, alkalinity, and dissolved organic carbon.
  • Effluent copper concentrations were substantially lower than influent; Daphnia survival improved from 0% to 86-95%.

Conclusions:

  • Conventional bioretention practices (planter boxes, swales) effectively reduce the toxicity of copper roof runoff.
  • These systems mitigate risks to aquatic ecosystems by reducing copper bioavailability.
  • Bioretention SCMs offer a viable solution for managing copper pollution in urban stormwater.