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Co-evolutionary dynamics between a defensive microbe and a pathogen driven by fluctuating selection.

Suzanne A Ford1, David Williams2, Steve Paterson2

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.

Molecular Ecology
|November 19, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Defensive microbes and pathogens can co-evolve, driving pathogen evolution and adaptation. This microbial co-evolution occurs even without host genetic changes, influencing pathogen diversity.

Keywords:
co-evolutiondefensive mutualismexperimental evolutionfluctuating selection dynamicspathogen

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Host-Microbe Interactions

Background:

  • Microbiota-associated microbes can protect hosts from pathogens.
  • Interactions between defensive microbes and pathogens are often genotype-specific.
  • Evidence for co-evolution between defensive microbes and pathogens is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the co-evolutionary dynamics between a defensive microbe and a pathogen.
  • To determine if defensive microbes and pathogens can co-evolve within a host population.
  • To analyze the impact of defensive microbes on pathogen evolutionary trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Co-passage experiment using Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes as hosts.
  • Infection with a defensive microbe (Enterococcus faecalis) and a pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus).
  • Phenotypic and genomic analyses across evolutionary time.

Main Results:

  • Observed pathogen local adaptation and co-evolution with defensive microbes.
  • Identified fluctuating selection dynamics driving the co-evolutionary process.
  • Demonstrated that co-evolution with defensive microbes accelerated and diversified pathogen evolution compared to independent evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Defensive microbes and pathogens can indeed co-evolve within host populations.
  • Co-evolution drives specificity in microbe-pathogen interactions.
  • Microbial co-evolution can lead to significant pathogen evolutionary divergence, independent of host evolution.