[Shared decision making: a scoping review]

Area of Science:

• Nursing
• Healthcare Decision Making
• Patient Engagement

Background:

• Shared Decision Making (SDM) is a collaborative approach to healthcare choices.
• Understanding the SDM model in nursing is crucial for patient-centered care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review of the Shared Decision Making (SDM) model within the nursing field.
• To explore the characteristics, implementation, patient experiences, and integration of SDM in nursing practice.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review was performed.
• Literature searches were conducted across Medline, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar.
• The Levac model guided the review process, utilizing keywords such as 'Decision Making', 'Shared Decision Making', and 'Nursing'.

Main Results:

• 29 studies published between 1972 and 2015 were included.
• Key findings detail SDM model characteristics, implementation tools, patient experiences, application areas, and integration with evidence-based practice.
• The analysis identified the core components and practical aspects of SDM in nursing.

Conclusions:

• The Shared Decision Making (SDM) model is not widely implemented, especially in the Italian context.
• Barriers include limited dissemination, lack of scientific maturity, and insufficient knowledge of interventions.
• Cultural factors present significant challenges to the widespread adoption of SDM in nursing.