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Mechanistic insight into carnosol-mediated pharmacological effects: Recent trends and advancements
Dharambir Kashyap1, Gaurav Kumar2, Ajay Sharma3
1Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India.
Abstract:
For several decades, bioactive phytochemicals have been appreciated to prevent and cure various lethal diseases. Many studies have proven the ability of dietary phytochemicals to avoid and retard tumor initiation and progression. Among the pharmacologically active moieties, terpenoids are considered one of the most important classes. Carnosol, is also a kind of diterpenoid, which known to possess a range of therapeutic effects such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. All these effects are mediated via modulating different signaling cascades, including apoptosis regulating molecules (Bax/Bcl2), prosurvival-proproliferative molecules (Akt/mTOR, MAPK), transcription factors like NF-kappaB, STAT3-6, and steroid receptors, such as androgen and estrogen receptors. The present review highlights the recent trends and advancements have been done in the field of research by using carnosol.
Insights
Carnosol, a diterpenoid phytochemical, exhibits anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. This review explores recent research on carnosol
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Bioactive phytochemicals are recognized for disease prevention and treatment.
- Terpenoids, a key class of phytochemicals, exhibit significant therapeutic potential.
- Carnosol, a diterpenoid, possesses anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in carnosol research.
- To highlight the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of carnosol.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on carnosol.
- Analysis of carnosol's modulation of signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- Carnosol modulates apoptosis (Bax/Bcl2), cell proliferation (Akt/mTOR, MAPK), and transcription factors (NF-kappaB, STAT3-6).
- Carnosol also interacts with steroid receptors, including androgen and estrogen receptors.
Conclusions:
- Carnosol demonstrates broad therapeutic potential through diverse molecular mechanisms.
- Further research into carnosol is warranted for its application in disease management.
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