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Development of Microfluidic Devices to Study the Elongation Capability of Tip-growing Plant Cells in Extremely Small Spaces
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Small Multiples with Gaps.

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    Adding whitespace to small multiples improves some spatial properties but can distort topology. Optimizing layouts requires balancing competing criteria, challenging single-solution approaches for geographic data visualization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Information Visualization
    • Geographic Data Analysis
    • Cartography

    Background:

    • Small multiples are effective for data comparison by presenting multiple views of a dataset.
    • Gridded layouts for geographic data can utilize whitespace to convey information.
    • The impact of whitespace on spatial properties within small multiples is not well understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the design space of small multiples with gaps (whitespace).
    • To develop metrics for evaluating layout properties and data preservation.
    • To understand the trade-offs introduced by adding whitespace to geographic small multiples.

    Main Methods:

    • Constructed a suite of metrics for layout (compactness, alignment) and data preservation (distance, topology, shape).
    • Studied metrics on geographic datasets with varying properties and numbers of gaps.
    • Employed simulated annealing for metric optimization and visualized the design space using interactive matrices.

    Main Results:

    • Whitespace can improve shape, distance, and direction preservation in 2D layouts.
    • These improvements come at the cost of topology retention.
    • The effects of whitespace vary with input map characteristics, such as region size variation.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimized layouts for small multiples with gaps involve trade-offs between competing metrics.
    • Topology is a primary factor in existing manual layouts, followed by shape and displacement.
    • A systematic, quantified, and visual approach is crucial for exploring complex design spaces with multiple criteria.