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Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
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Hypercoagulation and complement: Connected players in tumor development and metastases.

Silvia Guglietta1, Maria Rescigno2

  • 1Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, I-20139 Milan, Italy.

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|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer-associated hypercoagulation involves a feedback loop between the complement cascade and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). This vicious circle promotes tumor growth and metastasis, suggesting anticoagulant therapies may be effective.

Keywords:
CancerComplementHypercoagulationNeutrophilNeutrophil extracellular trap

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Hypercoagulation is frequently observed in cancer patients, sometimes preceding diagnosis.
  • Emerging evidence indicates hypercoagulation actively promotes tumor development and spread, not merely a consequence of cancer.
  • Immune-mediated mechanisms are increasingly recognized as key drivers of cancer-associated hypercoagulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate relationship between the complement cascade, hypercoagulation, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in cancer.
  • To elucidate the protumorigenic roles of this interplay in immune cells and tumor cells.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting this feedback loop.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on immune-mediated mechanisms in cancer-associated hypercoagulation.
  • Analysis of the feedback loop involving complement activation and NETs formation.
  • Examination of the impact on immune cell phenotype and tumor cell protection.

Main Results:

  • A vicious cycle exists where complement cascade and hypercoagulation mutually induce each other, involving NETs.
  • This feedback loop enhances protumorigenic immune cell phenotypes.
  • It also confers protection to tumor cells against immune surveillance, promoting tumor progression and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between complement, hypercoagulation, and NETs is a critical driver of cancer progression and metastasis.
  • Targeting this cycle with anticoagulants presents a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Intervention strategies aimed at disrupting this feedback loop could offer new treatment options for cancer patients.