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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Adenotonsillectomy can decrease enuresis and sympathetic nervous activity in children with obstructive sleep apnea

Hao Ding1, Mengmei Wang1, Ke Hu1

  • 1Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

Journal of Pediatric Urology
|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) effectively treats nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The procedure also reduces sympathetic nervous activity (SNA), as indicated by salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) levels.

Keywords:
AdenotonsillectomyEnuresisObstructive sleep apnea syndromeSalivary alpha-amylaseSympathetic nervous activity

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children is linked to increased sympathetic nervous activity (SNA).
  • Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) serves as a non-invasive biomarker for SNA, particularly useful in pediatric OSAS.
  • Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is a primary risk factor for pediatric OSAS, and T&A is a common intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of T&A on nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children with OSAS.
  • To assess changes in sAA levels following T&A in children with ATH, OSAS, and NE.
  • To investigate the relationship between T&A, NE, and SNA markers in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 37 children with ATH and NE underwent T&A, with sAA measured pre- and post-polysomnography.
  • Follow-up included NE assessment and sAA/urinary catecholamine measurements for 1 year post-T&A.
  • Comparative groups included OSAS children with NE (watchful waiting), non-OSAS controls, and T&A patients without NE.

Main Results:

  • T&A led to a significant resolution of NE within 1 month, with near-complete resolution at 1 year.
  • Increased sAA and urinary catecholamine levels in pediatric OSAS subjects suggest elevated SNA and oxidative stress.
  • T&A demonstrated a reduction in NE and SNA markers in children diagnosed with OSAS.

Conclusions:

  • T&A offers a beneficial therapeutic effect for NE in children with OSAS.
  • sAA levels may decrease post-T&A, indicating a reduction in SNA.
  • sAA shows potential as a marker associated with autonomic nervous system instability in OSAS, possibly correlating with the apnea-hypopnea index.