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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Accumulation and Analysis of Cuprous Ions in a Copper Sulfate Plating Solution
Published on: March 20, 2019
Cupric oxide inclusions in cuprous oxide crystals grown by the floating zone method
Laszlo Frazer1, Kelvin B Chang2, Kenneth R Poeppelmeier3
1Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Abstract:
Phase-pure cuprous oxide (Cu2O) crystals are difficult to grow since cupric oxide can form within the crystal as the crystal is cooled to ambient conditions. Vacancies are the solute which causes precipitation of macroscopic defects. Therefore, even when a mostly phase-pure single crystal is used as a feed rod, cupric oxide inclusions persist in the recrystallized solid. Control of the thermal profile during crystal growth, however, can improve phase-purity; a slow counter-rotation rate of the feed and seed rods results in fewer inclusions. Cupric oxide can be removed by annealing, which produces a factor of 540 ± 70 increase in phase-purity.
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