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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

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Pathogen Phytosensing: Plants to Report Plant Pathogens.

Mitra Mazarei1, Irina Teplova2, M Reza Hajimorad3

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, 252 Ellington Plant Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. mmazarei@utk.edu.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists engineered

Keywords:
GUS reportercis-regulatory elementsdefense signalingpathogen infectionprotoplast transfectionsynthetic promoterstransgenic plants

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Plants have natural defense mechanisms against pathogens, regulated by complex signal transduction pathways.
  • Inducible promoters and cis-regulatory elements are key components of these defense responses.
  • Developing early detection systems for crop pathogens is crucial for agricultural security.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer novel synthetic promoters for pathogen detection in plants.
  • To create 'phytosensors' by fusing inducible regulatory elements to reporter genes.
  • To assess the efficacy of these synthetic promoters in response to pathogens and plant defense signals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cis-acting elements from pathogen-inducible genes and phytohormone-responsive elements.
  • Constructed synthetic promoters, enhanced with Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S enhancer elements.
  • Assessed promoter inducibility in transient assays (Arabidopsis protoplasts) and stable transgenic plants (Arabidopsis, tobacco), using GUS reporter gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants showed increased GUS expression upon elicitor and phytohormone treatment.
  • Synthetic promoters responded to Alfalfa mosaic virus infection with elevated GUS expression in transgenic tobacco.
  • Tobacco mosaic virus infection did not significantly alter GUS expression, indicating pathogen-specific responses.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered synthetic promoters can function as responsive elements in phytosensors.
  • These phytosensors demonstrate potential for detecting specific pathogen infections in crops.
  • Further development could lead to advanced transgenic plant-based pathogen detection systems for agriculture.