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A Hormonally Active Malignant Struma Ovarii.

Carolina Lara1, Dalia Cuenca1, Latife Salame2

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This case report details a rare malignant struma ovarii, an ovarian teratoma with thyroid tissue, that produced thyroid hormone, causing hyperthyroidism in a 36-year-old woman.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Struma ovarii, a rare ovarian teratoma, comprises at least 50% thyroid tissue.
  • Malignant transformation and thyrotoxicosis are infrequent complications of struma ovarii.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of malignant struma ovarii presenting with hyperthyroidism.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and management challenges of hormonally active malignant struma ovarii.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 36-year-old woman with hyperthyroidism and an adnexal mass.
  • Histopathological examination of the ovarian mass.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with clinical and biochemical evidence of hyperthyroidism.
  • The left adnexal mass was diagnosed as a malignant struma ovarii with ectopic thyroid hormone production.
  • This represents a rare instance of papillary thyroid carcinoma within struma ovarii.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant struma ovarii can present with thyrotoxicosis, mimicking common hyperthyroid conditions.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for this rare entity.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering struma ovarii in the differential diagnosis of hyperthyroidism with an adnexal mass.