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Parent Training Programs for Ethnic Minorities: a Meta-analysis of Adaptations and Effect.
K van Mourik1, M R Crone2, M S de Wolff3
1Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. k.van_mourik@lumc.nl.
Summary
Culturally adapting parent training programs for ethnic minority families shows small but significant positive effects on parenting and child outcomes. Deep structure sensitivity in adaptations yields greater improvements in parenting behavior.
Area of Science:
- Child and Family Psychology
- Intervention Science
- Cultural Psychiatry
Background:
- Parent training programs aim to improve parenting skills and child outcomes.
- Ethnic minority families may require culturally adapted interventions for optimal effectiveness.
- Adaptations can involve surface-level changes or deeper cultural modifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To meta-analyze the effectiveness of parent training programs adapted for ethnic minority families.
- To examine the types of adaptations made and their impact on parenting and child outcomes.
- To identify the influence of cultural adaptation processes on intervention efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials.
- Inclusion criteria: ethnic minority parents, children 0-12 years, group-based parent training, prevention focus, parenting behavior outcomes.
- Analysis of adaptations (surface vs. deep structure sensitivity) and their effects.
Main Results:
- Parent training programs yielded small but significant improvements in parenting behavior (d=0.30), child outcomes (d=0.13), and parental perspectives (d=0.19).
- Programs incorporating cultural adaptations, particularly deep structure sensitivity, showed greater effectiveness (d=0.54) in improving parenting behavior.
- Adaptations related to both surface and deep structure sensitivity were common.
Conclusions:
- Culturally adapted parent training programs are effective for ethnic minority families.
- Deep structure sensitivity in adaptations is linked to enhanced parenting behavior outcomes.
- Further research is needed on the processes guiding cultural adaptations to inform future intervention development.
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