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Author Spotlight: Unveiling Plankton Response to Climate Change Through Time-Series Data and Artistic Expression
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Marine assemblages respond rapidly to winter climate variability.

James W Morley1, Ryan D Batt1, Malin L Pinsky1

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, 14 College Farm Rd., New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.

Global Change Biology
|November 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Marine species exhibit diverse climate change responses, with winter temperatures significantly impacting distribution and biomass. Thermal preference explains much of this variation, influencing fisheries and highlighting the importance of winter climate for marine ecosystems globally.

Keywords:
climate changedistributionfisheriesrange shiftstemperaturewinter

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Climate Change Ecology
  • Fisheries Science

Background:

  • Species exhibit varied responses to climate change, with underlying mechanisms and life-stage specificities poorly understood.
  • Understanding climate variability's impact on marine taxa is crucial for predicting ecosystem shifts and managing fisheries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how marine species' distribution and biomass respond to temperature variability.
  • To identify key climatic drivers, particularly temperature, influencing marine species off the southeast US coast.
  • To assess the implications of these findings for commercial fisheries and future climate change impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 26 years of scientific trawl survey data for 73 diverse marine taxa.
  • Statistical correlation of species distribution and biomass with interannual temperature variations.
  • Examination of commercial fishery landings data in relation to winter temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Winter temperatures were a key factor explaining interannual variations in species' distribution and biomass.
  • Species responses to winter temperature varied significantly, ranging from negative to positive, largely explained by thermal preference.
  • Winter temperatures were found to impact several important southeast US commercial fisheries, potentially through juvenile overwinter mortality or migration timing.

Conclusions:

  • Marine species assemblages are sensitive to projected temperature increases, with winter temperature playing a critical role.
  • Thermal preference is a significant factor mediating species' responses to climate variability.
  • Winter temperature dynamics are likely crucial for marine species' climate relationships on a global scale, impacting both ecological dynamics and fisheries.