A Facile Methodology for Engineering the Morphology of CsPbX₃ Perovskite Nanocrystals under Ambient Condition

A facile and highly reproducible room temperature, open atmosphere synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals of six different morphologies is reported just by varying the solvent, ligand and reaction time. Sequential evolution of the quantum dots, nanoplates and nanobars in one medium and nanocubes, nanorods and nanowires in another medium is demonstrated. These perovskite nanoparticles are shown to be of excellent crystalline quality with high fluorescence quantum yield. A mechanism of the formation of nanoparticles of different shapes and sizes is proposed. Considering the key role of morphology in nanotechnology, this simple method of fabrication of a wide range of high quality nanocrystals of different shapes and sizes of all-inorganic lead halide perovskites, whose potential is already demonstrated in light emitting and photovoltaic applications, is likely to help widening the scope and utility of these materials in optoelectronic devices.