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Remote chemical immobilisation method for free-ranging Australian cattle.

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A new ground darting method effectively immobilizes free-ranging cattle using xylazine and ketamine. This humane and cost-effective technique offers a reliable solution for managing and researching cattle populations in Australia.

Keywords:
anaesthesiacattledartingketaminexylazineyohimbine

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Wildlife Management
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Capturing and restraining free-ranging cattle (Bos taurus/Bos indicus) is frequently necessary in Australia.
  • Chemical immobilization via darting is a valuable tool for managing and researching large wild herbivores.
  • A reliable ground darting method for Australian cattle has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective, humane, and cost-efficient ground darting method for free-ranging cattle.
  • To establish a reliable protocol for chemical immobilization of cattle in Australian conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty female cattle were darted and captured from a vehicle on a pastoral station in northwest Australia.
  • Xylazine (0.59 mg/kg) and ketamine (3.59 mg/kg) were administered for immobilization.
  • Yohimbine (0.10 mg/kg) was used as an antagonist to xylazine to minimize recumbency duration.

Main Results:

  • Cattle achieved recumbency within a mean of 8 minutes and at a mean distance of 260 meters post-darting.
  • The mortality rate was 0% on the day of capture and 7% at 14 days post-capture.
  • Most cattle were successfully immobilized with a single dart and recovered within 30 minutes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ground darting technique is rapid, humane, and cost-effective, with consumables averaging A$30 per animal.
  • This method provides a reliable approach for capturing free-ranging cattle.
  • The technique has potential applications across various Australian contexts, pending consideration of veterinary chemical legislation.