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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.1K
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

1.4K
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
1.4K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

901
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Anesthesia for Common Pediatric Emergency Surgeries.

Matthew C Mitchell1, Ibrahim Farid2

  • 1Department of Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, Akron Children's Hospital, One Perkins Square, Room 4648, Akron, OH 44308, USA.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|November 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric anesthesiologists must prepare for emergency surgeries by creating perioperative plans. This guide details preparing and managing common pediatric emergency surgical cases for optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Emergency surgeries in children require specialized anesthetic preparation.
  • Effective perioperative planning is crucial for successful pediatric surgical management.
  • Anesthesiologists face daily challenges in managing pediatric surgical emergencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline preparation strategies for pediatric emergency surgeries.
  • To provide guidance on effectively managing common pediatric emergency surgical cases.
  • To enhance anesthesiologist preparedness for pediatric surgical emergencies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common pediatric emergency surgical scenarios.
  • Development of a perioperative planning framework.
  • Guidelines for anesthetic management tailored to pediatric emergencies.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key preparation steps for pediatric emergency surgery.
  • Strategies for effective intraoperative and postoperative management.
  • Emphasis on multidisciplinary team collaboration.

Conclusions:

  • Proactive preparation and a structured perioperative plan are essential for pediatric emergency surgery.
  • Effective management relies on understanding specific pediatric emergency surgical needs.
  • Continuous education and readiness improve anesthesiologist performance in pediatric surgical emergencies.